Pavlicev and Wagner have a new paper in TREE where they “discuss evidence for variation in pleiotropy and propose the selection, pleiotropy and compensation model (SPC) for adaptive evolution. [This model] predicts that adaptive change in one character is associated with deleterious pleiotropy in others and subsequent selection to compensate for these pleiotropic effects.” They talk about the implications of this model for the genetic basis of evolutionary change and many other things including sexual dimorphism Take a look – this is well worth reading.